What is Attention Masking in Transformers and why is it essential for sequence modeling?

Updated May 16, 2026

Short answer

Attention masking controls which tokens a model can attend to, ensuring proper handling of padding tokens and autoregressive constraints.

Deep explanation

Attention masking is a crucial mechanism in Transformer models that modifies the attention matrix to enforce structural constraints on token interactions.

Why it is needed:

  • Sequences often contain padding tokens.
  • In language modeling, future tokens must not be visible.

Types of masks:

  1. Padding Mask:
  • Prevents attention to padding tokens.
  • Ensures computation ignores meaningless input positions.
  1. Causal Mask (Look-ahead mask):
  • Used in decoder-only models (GPT).
  • Prevents token from attending to future tokens.…

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