What is the Singleton Pattern?

Updated Apr 28, 2026

Short answer

A creational pattern that ensures a class has only one instance, while providing a global access point to this instance.

Deep explanation

Singleton solves two problems: ensuring that a class has just a single instance (e.g., controlling access to a shared resource like a database), and providing a global access point to that instance. However, it violates the Single Responsibility Principle because it solves two problems at the same time.

Real-world example

A single database connection pool or a global configuration manager object in an application.

Common mistakes

  • Overusing singletons, creating hidden dependencies (global state) that make unit testing difficult.

Follow-up questions

  • How do you make a Singleton thread-safe?

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