How does Julia optimize function inlining and when does it avoid it?

Julia inlines small, type-stable functions but avoids inlining large or unstable ones.

Inlining replaces function calls with function bodies to reduce call overhead and enable further optimization. Julia's compiler decides inlining based on heuristics such as function size, type stability, and recursion depth. Over-inlining can increase code size, so Julia balances performance and compilation cost.