What is Julia's approach to zero-cost abstractions?

Julia provides abstractions that compile away at runtime, incurring no performance overhead.

Zero-cost abstractions mean that high-level constructs (like generics, iterators, and broadcasting) are fully optimized away during compilation. The compiler specializes code for concrete types, eliminating abstraction overhead. This allows developers to write expressive code without sacrificing performance, similar to C++ templates but with dynamic flexibility.