Explain class imbalance handling techniques in Logistic Regression

Class imbalance occurs when one class heavily dominates another, causing biased Logistic Regression predictions toward the majority class.

Class imbalance is one of the most common challenges in real-world classification systems.

Examples:

Why imbalance is dangerous: A model may achieve extremely high accuracy while completely failing to detect minority cases.

Example: If 99% of transactions are legitimate:

Problems caused by imbalance:

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