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Explain advanced distributed tracing architecture using OpenTelemetry in PHP microservices.

Updated May 24, 2026

Short answer

Distributed tracing tracks requests across microservices using spans and traces to diagnose latency and failures.

Deep explanation

In distributed PHP systems, a single request spans multiple services, databases, and queues.

OpenTelemetry introduces:

  1. Trace

End-to-end request journey.

  1. Span

Individual operation within a trace.

  1. Context propagation

Passing trace IDs across services.

Architecture components:

  • instrumentation layer
  • collector
  • backend (Jaeger, Tempo)

Key benefits:

  • latency breakdown
  • dependency mapping
  • root cause analysis

Advanced concepts:

  • sampling strategies
  • tail-based sampling
  • baggage propagation
  • cross-language tracing…

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