What is cleanup function in useEffect?

Updated May 6, 2026

Short answer

Cleanup function removes side effects like subscriptions or timers.

Deep explanation

Returned function in useEffect runs before unmount or before next effect execution.

Real-world example

Clearing intervals in timers or removing event listeners.

Common mistakes

  • Not cleaning up causing memory leaks.

Follow-up questions

  • When does cleanup run?
  • Can cleanup be async?

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