What are TurboModules and how do they improve performance?

TurboModules are lazy-loaded native modules in React Native's New Architecture that improve startup performance.

TurboModules replace the old NativeModules system by enabling lazy initialization and JSI-based communication. Instead of loading all native modules at startup, they are loaded only when needed. This reduces app startup time and memory usage. They also use type-safe code generation for better reliability.