Tail Call Optimization (TCO) explained.

Updated Apr 28, 2026

Short answer

A compiler optimization where a tail call is converted to a jump, avoiding a new stack frame.

Deep explanation

Intermediate recursion focuses on optimization and advanced patterns like backtracking. A compiler optimization where a tail call is converted to a jump, avoiding a new stack frame.

Real-world example

File system crawlers (scanning directories and sub-directories).

Common mistakes

  • Thinking all recursion is tail-recursive
  • the result must not depend on local calculations after the call.

Follow-up questions

  • Does Python support TCO?

More Recursion interview questions

View all →