How does Rails support large-scale asynchronous workflow orchestration systems?

Rails uses background jobs, state machines, and external workflow engines to orchestrate complex async processes.

Asynchronous workflows in Rails involve chaining background jobs, tracking state transitions, and coordinating distributed tasks. For complex workflows, external orchestration tools like Temporal or AWS Step Functions are used. Rails acts as a participant rather than a controller. This ensures reliability, retry safety, and visibility into long-running processes.