How does Rails handle background job failure recovery strategies?

Rails uses retries, dead letter queues, idempotency, and job deduplication for recovery.

Background jobs in Rails (Sidekiq, ActiveJob) may fail due to timeouts, external API failures, or crashes. Recovery strategies include exponential backoff retries, dead job queues, idempotent job design, and persistence of job state. Advanced systems also use circuit breakers to avoid cascading failures.