How does Rails handle large-scale data streaming and real-time pipelines?

Rails supports streaming via enumerators, ActionCable, and integration with streaming platforms like Kafka.

Real-time pipelines require continuous data flow instead of request-response cycles. Rails can stream HTTP responses using enumerators or handle real-time updates via ActionCable WebSockets. For high-throughput systems, Rails integrates with Kafka or Kinesis for streaming ingestion and processing. Data is processed incrementally to reduce memory overhead and latency.