How does Rails handle large-scale observability pipelines with logs, metrics, and traces?

Rails integrates structured logs, metrics collection, and distributed tracing into observability platforms like OpenTelemetry stacks.

Observability combines logs (event records), metrics (time-series data), and traces (request flows). Rails integrates with ActiveSupport instrumentation and OpenTelemetry to emit telemetry data. These are collected by systems like Prometheus, Grafana, Datadog, or New Relic. Correlation IDs unify data across distributed services for debugging and performance monitoring.