seniorSwift
What is difference between weak, strong, and unowned references?
Updated May 17, 2026
Short answer
Strong retains object, weak does not retain and becomes nil, unowned does not retain but assumes existence.
Deep explanation
Strong references increase ARC count. Weak references are optional and auto-nil when object deallocates. Unowned assumes object lifetime is guaranteed and can crash if accessed after deallocation.
Unlock with a Pro subscription to view this section.
View pricingReal-world example
No real-world example available yet.
Unlock with a Pro subscription to view this section.
Upgrade to ProCommon mistakes
No common mistakes listed yet.
Unlock with a Pro subscription to view this section.
Upgrade to ProFollow-up questions
No follow-up questions available yet.
Unlock with a Pro subscription to view this section.
Upgrade to Pro