How do you implement the 'Builder Pattern' using TypeScript's Fluent Interfaces?

The Builder pattern uses methods that return this to allow for chained, readable object construction.

In TypeScript, the polymorphic this type is essential for the Builder pattern, especially when inheritance is involved. By returning this, methods allow users to chain configuration calls. Advanced implementations use generics to track the builder's state at the type level, potentially preventing the build() method from being called until all required fields are set.