What is the WebSocket handshake process?

Updated May 6, 2026

Short answer

The WebSocket handshake upgrades an HTTP connection to a persistent WebSocket connection.

Deep explanation

The client sends an HTTP request with an Upgrade header. The server responds with a 101 Switching Protocols status, confirming the upgrade. After this, the connection switches from HTTP to WebSocket protocol.

Real-world example

Browser connecting to a live chat server.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming WebSocket starts without HTTP handshake.

Follow-up questions

  • What does HTTP 101 mean?

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