What are GraphQL Subscriptions?

Updated Apr 28, 2026

Short answer

Subscriptions are long-lasting operations that allow the server to push real-time updates to the client.

Deep explanation

Usually implemented over WebSockets, a client sends a subscription query and maintains an open connection. When a specific event occurs on the server (often triggered by a mutation via a PubSub system), the server pushes the new data down to all subscribed clients.

Real-world example

Building a live chat application where new messages appear instantly on the screen without polling the server.

Common mistakes

  • Using subscriptions for data that rarely changes, keeping unnecessary WebSocket connections open and wasting server resources.

Follow-up questions

  • What is a PubSub system?

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