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How would you design a production-grade Rust async runtime with work-stealing executor, reactor, and scheduler separation?

Updated May 24, 2026

Short answer

A scalable runtime uses a work-stealing executor, OS reactor, and cooperative scheduler coordinated via Waker.

Deep explanation

High-Level Architecture

```text +--------------------------------------------------+ | Runtime | +--------------------------------------------------+ | | | v v v +---------------+ +---------------+ +---------------+ | Scheduler | | Executor | | Reactor | +---------------+ +---------------+ +---------------+ | Task states | | Worker pools | | epoll/kqueue | | Priorities | | Work stealing | | IOCP/io_uring | | Time slices |…

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