What are Kotlin memory leaks in coroutines and how do they occur?

Coroutine leaks occur when scopes are not cancelled or long-lived references are retained.

Memory leaks in coroutines happen when a coroutine continues execution after its lifecycle should have ended. This often occurs due to GlobalScope usage, un-cancelled jobs, or capturing references like Activities in lambdas. Structured concurrency prevents this by binding coroutines to lifecycle scopes.