How do Kotlin systems handle consistency during retry storms?

Retry storms are controlled using exponential backoff, jitter, and idempotent operations.

Retry storms occur when multiple services retry failed requests simultaneously, amplifying load on already failing systems. Kotlin coroutines may unintentionally worsen this if retries are not controlled. Proper mitigation includes exponential backoff, jitter to spread retry timing, and ensuring idempotent operations so retries do not create inconsistent state.